Complications of Burns
Potential Complications / Collaborative Problems
In the acute Phase :
Hear failure and pulmonary edema
Sepsis
Acute respiratory failure
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
Visceral damage (electrical burns)
In the chronic Phase :
Compartmental syndrome in circumferential burns of the limbs
Contractures
Inadequate psychological adaptations to burn injury
Nursing Interventions
Acute Phase
Avoid fluid overload and consequent congestive heart failure by closely monitoring IV and oral fluid intake; use IV infusion pumps
I/O chart
Weight chart
Changes in pulmonary artery, wedge and central venous pressures and blood pressure & pulse rate to be observed and reported
Low dose dopamine to increase renal perfusion and diuretics to promote increased urine output
Provide a clean and safe environment to prevent infection
Closely scrutinize the burn wound for signs of infection; WBC counts, Culture & Sensitivity results
Aseptic techniques
Meticulous hand hygiene
If needed sterile gloves used
Protect patient from contamination by other patients and visitors
Tubings to be changed as recommended
Fresh flowers and fruits and baskets avoided
Chronic Phase
early and aggressive physical and occupational therapy, surgical intervention may be needed
Elastic compression garments to prevent hypertrophic burn scarring
Gradually incerease activity tolerance
Improve body image and self-concept
Protect affected skin from the sun by skin blocks
Teach self care
